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A-135 ABM system in Moscow Oblast. The black missiles are operational 53T6s, the unfilled missiles are formerly operational 51T6s and the dish is the Don-2N radar in Sofrino, which also has a 53T6 complex co located with it[1]
The A-135 system attained "alert" (operational) status on February 17, 1995. It is currently operational although its 51T6 (NATO reporting name: SH-11) component is deactivated (as of February 2007). A newer missile is expected to replace it. There is an operational test version of the system at the test site in Sary Shagan, Kazakhstan.
The system is operated by the 9th Division of Anti-Missile Defence, part of the Air Defence and Missile Defence Command of the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces.[2][3]
A-135
A-135 consists of the Don-2N battle management radar and two types of ABM missiles. It gets its data from the wider Russian early warning system which is sent to the command centre which then forwards tracking data to the Don-2N radar.[1]- The Don-2N radar (NATO: 'Pill Box') is a large battle-management phased-array radar with 360° coverage.[4][5] Tests were undertaken at the prototype Don-2NP in Sary Shagan in 2007 to upgrade its software.[5][6]
- The ABM-3 phased-array short-range battle management radar, replacing the 'Try Add' radars.
- 68 launchers of short-range 53T6 (NATO: SH-08 'Gazelle') endoatmospheric interceptor missiles at five launch sites with 12 or 16 missiles each, though designed originally with nuclear warheads. Designed by NPO Novator, similar to US Sprint missile. These are tested roughly annually at the Sary Shagan test site.[7]
Location[8] | Coordinates [1] | Number [1][8] | Details |
---|---|---|---|
Sofrino | 56°10′51.97″N 37°47′16.81″E | 12 | Co-located with the Don-2N radar |
Lytkarino | 55°34′39.04″N 37°46′17.67″E | 16 | |
Korolev | 55°52′41.09″N 37°53′36.50″E | 12 | |
Skhodnya | 55°54′04.11″N 37°18′28.30″E | 16 | |
Vnukovo | 55°37′32.45″N 37°23′22.41″E | 12 |
- Formerly 16 launchers of long-range 51T6 (NATO: SH-11 'Gorgon') exoatmospheric interceptor missiles at two launch sites with eight missiles each, originally designed with nuclear warheads.[1] Comparable to LIM-49A Spartan.
Location[8] | Coordinates [1] | Number [1][8] | Details |
---|---|---|---|
Sergiyev Posad-15 | 56°14′33.01″N 38°34′27.29″E | 8 | Site was also used in the A-35 system |
Naro-Fominsk-10 | 55°21′01.16″N 36°28′59.60″E | 8 | Site was also used in the A-35 system |
Russian Early Warning System
The wider early warning system consists of:[8]- Two Daryal-type (NATO: 'Pechora') bistatic phased-array early warning radars, deployed at Pechora and Qabala radar in Qabala, Azerbaijan.
- Dnepr (NATO: Hen House) radars at Mishelevka (Irkutsk), Olenegorsk, and Balkhash, Sary Shagan, Kazakhstan.
- Voronezh radar
- US-KMO and US-K satellites.
- Command, communications and intelligence services.
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